作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网6 P! O y' d/ e; ?' U
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(一) 同义反译法 ' z9 y9 F% {$ A8 d9 C6 e6 W例子： 0 f- D6 E. c( u ~( N0 B D$ I! l
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. 0 o) k8 E* ~4 \9 r) ?8 u, _; b9 i* {: f2 c
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 2 T) \( _9 e8 k! G2. I'll be here for good this time. y9 X- c; H; W/ A0 \9 r5 k; [
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 7 O+ l& P5 y# U! K, J) B* F3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. + |0 P9 J) W& s, m. S9 i2 f/ [) J1 g
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) A* _& ^( v* m& T+ |* G- D
4. "Wait, he is serious." / T( E+ D, x" X; X [. l「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) 9 t; D3 I$ l0 v
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 6 ^1 I9 e1 C: B, o
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) : d2 R* @1 |& m6 U+ E2 L 2 J/ i6 K( B* m' Z( T4 @(二) 删减解释词 9 H5 c6 q& r) v+ ]0 C2 B例子： 7 p! a2 Z$ N% p/ E) P+ Z8 B* X, r" o& W
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 6 n( h* ?" x( I- P$ ~$ w9 ?4 R
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a ( l9 r$ n" n( z1 F' dparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 3 S5 f1 O4 d" V
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。7 y5 H$ B. v) ]
4 F: e- A4 I; F1 K7 Z(三) 短句拆译 + F6 K+ w& c. p; \% l5 W- t6 X
例子： ) B3 E9 b$ a) O" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 4 d% k- ^8 N8 P% ]! J) s, {7 e
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 - ~, P, D- x8 U/ {
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(四) 译词推陈出新 7 c2 S) E R! l: B, u例子： F( l+ q' l* I& _4 J2 b
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with ' @0 \" j; E* n5 o
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 2 y, w9 W5 f2 u5 t8 T6 R8 q/ mlower. 5 t, l4 y$ J! n& J9 s, @4 i0 o
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 8 o0 v4 [& D8 U0 H* V& H改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 2 P; r: A$ l4 T/ P5 q* [
原词 原译 改译 1 |% R: _$ K1 h+ k: ~
1 Y" }" R' ^/ E( uwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候 8 N2 b, H) G3 E9 k . A [, S" y/ P% M5 T8 F3 q) Y' ]act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 ) U3 @4 v8 ~' W; a; f4 _
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 $ [% K9 W5 c! H6 A* I6 i( ^
, U7 N8 B6 f4 q/ ]% k. w5 J1 Yordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 - q8 p+ ?6 ]( ^* ]+ l( A$ S3 [. B+ ~" k
in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了 & i; g2 u: y, h8 m6 v2 z4 `. T1 k5 P! n( U. l0 M8 s2 x' G
(五) 解释性添词 * J L) }3 K' o例子： + y+ G/ v( r b) ?6 T" Y"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 4 ]! o. A; G$ u4 Idone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 4 U3 ]8 A) H: X. f4 jnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet 8 Z, d: P6 H0 d
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. . G1 ^1 v4 ^* c- C, X「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 ' a+ F J- s3 h+ n/ g, i" O8 K: m0 h8 `
5 j+ t3 b# U5 v. Q1 \(六) 词无定译 2 |4 f$ A4 @7 C1 v. R
例子： ) j) u3 i5 n/ |. Y9 B4 ]It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or 2 l; _6 d5 D, K/ G" o$ Ocivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 3 f9 g" f9 m# ?! N
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous : A1 |8 b6 n- ^" B0 d8 E, ^1 Dconditions. . Y. c3 e0 {# c% ~
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。; D' `- [% H* T8 v2 J* p; `' }8 y! Q
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(七) 精炼译词 / @4 }" {! U; L
例子： " C2 @* a: H ~A new dignity crept into his walk. " E2 Z/ r0 H1 P4 G! |原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 ! l2 h, Q6 \! f7 S( W, J# r9 D改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 : ]. n; W8 {! |, o5 f" w
# ?$ D4 {# y& y5 k. R Y(八) 删削"When"字 " v7 K8 |5 ?; }8 Q& e4 X6 r; z$ }
例子：, \/ ^( p' i7 i
1. When he saw me, he was startled. 3 P) x. V; h4 z, \3 A+ Q
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) ) h) r( N" p) v6 {4 [2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the # C$ t/ a6 g @" {& D, v f
head, and knocking on them round?" 4 m, S6 E, I; u; ^7 q6 e! r7 n「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 0 p2 H, `% {" U/ Q! ^
) e" ~- h( {: j6 h# I, a" n" `8 ^4 D(九) 感叹词的不同译法 g3 J7 n6 C9 m* K. L1 x& D例子： 9 c, D% L( G# U- t+ Z& V
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 3 X- [: C, J8 J3 F8 b7 F G3 k
them!" # l4 H X% M1 {: X4 N# F
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." $ h6 p7 Q. X3 T* W: n( b「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 9 }$ ?% j4 ~5 J; c! o, y2 \「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 & j( b3 R, l: E: _3 P8 p2 F
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" . P; k6 g( f z4 t
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 4 W' {' z+ L. c- K3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") 4 ^' E' }# f+ o1 t& D c' F"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to |/ l) [, u7 J% |. t. Qkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, ( }1 _% ]8 d! J7 u; H7 j( Z/ T% a* u
jocularly; ... - s! m% M2 @ b, p Z- B# Q3 o2 C
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy " b& f: c( n3 ~2 pinterval of silence. " _0 _- S) J- S% E0 V! q U" V(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ' y& N+ t' |' v/ j( @ w* F- C
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... * Y2 ^7 Z* e' ~8 w5 W; }" [
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 2 }1 D& U- t. }! y4 P3 y
. s8 Q, e+ b6 j7 p' Y9 x1 }& X(十) 顺拆法 ! A) U! w5 e! }- B4 Y2 q: ~& B例子： 5 s. b$ \* X9 B% `0 g0 E
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue ( L( H8 P1 @9 R0 }! d
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, - x& j1 [" ^2 S* Xsocial and demographic factors. + s) T5 b1 M& j2 h2 C9 h# A原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 1 f3 ~* r" U& ]2 P, }
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 ; s5 N: n$ U. A6 {
& I3 m7 L m4 X# G# n8 ~. q(十一) 倒拆法 - ~% j0 Z& L9 d9 b; Y6 M$ v! @2 }
例子： 2 {7 t! `4 m* J* |: j/ MTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / , s2 f( [- l5 X1 Zfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 9 K4 B: B/ K5 ^$ R/ H3 e+ gsupposed conditon. 2 W( b" z0 @* j/ P3 a5 q+ B8 G要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 ' M" C9 K; K' ~ V
. E. V7 v3 ^2 ], _2 y V* L: L(十二) 抽词拆句法 " A6 F+ T9 `2 R! \例子： 2 u6 b+ a3 h, _9 p/ K* \6 U
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the + }2 i9 G) [9 P2 I% f1 X$ p0 H
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of ! g% H" s' i6 agrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. & [0 }& s2 ?+ X. b4 O' @
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
