作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网 z8 N, _0 z# U- t9 b * f6 n. L- k4 L% g( M+ S! m(一) 同义反译法 3 Z6 ?. d) W+ S例子： 4 D& @) I# }! F% P3 D4 y1. Only three customers remained in the bar. ) t0 T; b: b9 z! n酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 7 s- V* ] x/ m5 d& W
2. I'll be here for good this time. ' K4 s+ X1 R1 L1 j: e) ]0 }
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) : }7 A, `/ I0 v( X# X3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. , h4 u2 M7 o+ x+ J
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) ' ], z% P; K3 w$ s
4. "Wait, he is serious." , N7 [/ n' ~; J「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) 3 E0 y9 `" L. L5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" * P! p' |" X/ f, s/ \
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) 2 B' v. m3 R( w5 W" B
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(二) 删减解释词 8 j( p& C5 P. F- _5 Y5 u. v% L/ W
例子： ( z% h# j3 o* r5 ^! ?' E
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of . e, O' V7 d7 E# g3 Y8 c
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a 7 I/ {1 p# \1 H0 h. t
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 1 n% y( v, X' o5 W$ K+ B
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。 " |( w) [9 z7 y$ R4 {+ ? / a' ]" |2 J; B! Q1 P+ ]! p) I5 t* t(三) 短句拆译 8 b7 g. T" t! B+ M( b; I U
例子： $ w' L# y% Q3 D. [
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 2 Y/ K$ ?) w8 h" Z( z3 _
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 0 _# p" t, C% M k$ I4 @ 4 p ]1 Q5 ^% C) r' j. }" o( N(四) 译词推陈出新 ; w5 S5 ^& m s( U" F: ^8 a
例子： " V4 l* P. P# z
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with ' [; X8 a# D, G# X4 I k. w" gdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 2 Z2 l. Y2 c+ K8 H2 t1 A6 d9 e# Dlower. ; ?) h' \" `4 J; m, e- Q
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 & o% C7 W5 o! A! C% O! e0 Z改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ( j A2 q2 a# F- `原词 原译 改译 4 q( y7 D: N! i0 n0 i0 l
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 * x: E7 _# V9 F2 Q+ V 4 U+ s2 @& [. G% Y* jact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 . D$ P; f7 i) C2 l5 P$ ]9 A h- v5 x" z4 B- p. B* L
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 2 p! x6 C4 u( _* t( g . X& p+ W; l& Bordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 6 N' \* s/ g3 `$ N' B& @! R- k1 i; X8 U
in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了 & |+ l, J# T9 m6 L( f1 ~8 G 3 `0 H9 n& d' l) k* S(五) 解释性添词 ; r1 O* E# D$ q% q* P9 z# R例子： 1 i1 h4 U8 d9 j9 k2 Q6 A4 e' q
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have i; k. \: K% t& y3 G3 e! ]) }done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I ; B# w# O& C: X8 c8 unever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet : w( W% [, c, ?0 W! N
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 3 k' m# S- y; H# j
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 " M. r6 @. Q% p0 O: [ + N7 v( j9 d: `3 y' ?6 B8 [(六) 词无定译 / k" x& c! i4 j2 P% o% h. W9 }- r- n
例子： 6 y, }" W9 d- q6 g3 |, b+ v! nIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or % {' [ v W# a4 j
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, # N1 e! Z5 z& X- ]he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous % C& P" ~0 |3 R m0 K1 c- |" ^! O1 wconditions. 1 A3 ?1 k$ }) c) G& t我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。' \1 r6 L) h5 N, q
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(七) 精炼译词 , I. S+ b a; m7 u8 v
例子： / F7 o4 S8 {! I6 y6 Z; ~# [, JA new dignity crept into his walk. 5 }0 z1 q# u6 e: J& N
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 9 ~+ ?- i( {3 c0 }改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 9 I! B; N% }8 o) j6 I5 W 7 R& i: \& n/ E, v6 A. D( y- A(八) 删削"When"字 $ n& \# i% i9 X+ |, H" d
例子： 0 A3 e4 _; |7 a7 [1. When he saw me, he was startled. d" o9 K3 w; m: P! ]他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) - r5 K! Z+ I3 Q0 p# o. Q2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the 6 f& m2 h8 z& f
head, and knocking on them round?" % p. f; F" r d3 a2 K* w
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) : C3 v B) @2 k/ i" m
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法 ) ^' L' b. t) v) \
例子： " `$ D% \. }1 u1 f( M
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want . O$ w9 O6 a) m* w# q
them!" , K9 l9 L! s- E$ I6 t7 d4 K"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 9 S6 _: j+ m. |
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 / Z2 z# ^, n, a# Q: [1 i「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 / t" T; A9 H7 K" n/ y9 v/ X2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" 7 z) [& _( R( P1 l. ~) k「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 6 X6 f/ k! n J; t& I- l3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") $ c1 u- C) v( J' T"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to ; E- h, w$ P) t( n0 z6 T3 Ukeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, " W, Z4 |8 }2 ]jocularly; ... % x, z2 N3 k$ d$ F7 k( ]2 E* ?% S
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy 5 ~2 y9 f( k2 i* d
interval of silence. 7 \" Z% \/ X+ h. ?(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 5 {- V( N" I/ ~* |9 y
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 4 r" q7 W; O1 A% t% F! {; C「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 ; ^* k. C6 O! X C- c5 x: { Q% g9 Z- H
(十) 顺拆法 5 r% l6 {% F. z, k7 \! N9 e
例子： & H7 c' E. r1 v6 wHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 9 t {2 u( I+ `# b# j& j
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, 1 z, G, Q. M% p9 v$ M9 q" Hsocial and demographic factors. J* f) S7 Z+ @/ [$ b原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 Q; |+ R0 e! C0 K: ~+ Q- s
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 ) h M. t2 r: k ( t* m$ n0 Y1 `(十一) 倒拆法 6 I! _8 Y5 H# g! F/ M/ W5 ~例子： 3 V" K( O. Y1 C+ bTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / 0 S9 o v) Z) I! P& ]
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 8 _* Z8 U' P2 i3 v/ ]3 N
supposed conditon. 9 j3 Q- [, V' G2 c要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 . e. q& O2 a' [+ ?
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 - W. }- _+ D o& ]例子： , F& f. E2 B& s7 F% @' D5 Z
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the : m( Z! F9 b( ?6 W1 Z5 `
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of ; |3 \# L3 [! ggrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. , p5 ~+ y V, N4 @5 _. Z从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
