作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网 7 W5 s9 L/ i9 b) _1 L, M 2 U3 L8 c ]' |2 l6 S(一) 同义反译法 . ]5 r) F9 R2 }+ x' E# E. G例子： & D, y* W, e8 ^! O$ K6 j
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. " t; [+ m: X/ c% k9 ~4 G3 C4 L; }
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 1 {/ ^+ L, j( T
2. I'll be here for good this time. % G9 t4 Z$ b! d# r
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 7 ^( v- W% H7 r1 j, g: {4 @
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. / ^: w. l' k6 ~! l6 b. L v
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 8 l% R! x- a% s& L4. "Wait, he is serious." % c! n6 a, c" h9 e% e
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) 1 z, Y/ ~9 C9 F: e1 m5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" . Y0 i# u+ B b G! v
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) : P* a, @& N. G7 c$ z
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(二) 删减解释词 * }3 M# {' _+ w( }例子： ; |! r+ E# ]+ h% W) e
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 9 @8 }' Z9 R7 d# \2 v* E# |refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a - V7 o4 v8 t3 \7 F$ }particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 4 q' s- w* T: Q) V# v d. o' x
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。 : G. U; H6 x" K( c5 Y8 t 8 O; R; U0 N- P1 [/ x(三) 短句拆译 n9 ^* o) w& b/ c0 E6 Y* D
例子： 9 m- `0 P2 C+ k% ]7 J1 T7 |; F5 a
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." + w9 h# Z, G3 q3 U2 P) m$ s「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 ( h p7 r( {$ p
& i/ f+ s, h P2 Y/ P(四) 译词推陈出新 : H0 |! E1 q. p, |" h. P! V
例子： + Z% \" V* d2 U0 L9 R0 ]1 n' q: UWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with , d! b0 V! v' n6 R0 e/ d, l3 c% q
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 2 v- [3 G u- N9 L5 I6 t
lower. ; f" b* T9 u6 O2 ~% }8 K- N( P
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 8 @, n- h# W% @: ?1 t
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 . b8 `! @7 E# E& p y/ C2 k) e
原词 原译 改译 % \ K! v3 y) G( o H1 P0 {
6 A5 x7 m! H t Rwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候 # C+ c7 x* s2 h. c& N/ q
. ~% q! W0 l i, dact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 : D" A! C' n; G% j* ~0 A! B# F5 {4 |: `0 R% J
a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 * K' C% U( {# Q0 ]5 c* G3 K6 {# J
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 % \5 v$ w" a) T 8 m/ D: `" Z/ B1 b+ ~2 L$ @in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了. j/ d6 F* o- a# O
! T; C0 i* `& E4 K7 U(五) 解释性添词 9 d' g: U! F! k6 k4 _3 P例子： 5 v5 p5 [9 O8 n9 k- T7 O" u
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 3 x, H n6 b/ v' g, l0 v% }1 R
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 0 W# D& L/ k6 g+ p5 h3 t6 g7 lnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet 7 h2 s5 u9 \8 a, u" L
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 9 _- N# H9 x3 G3 T
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 6 M) n# ?3 @5 f- E: L5 Q/ g: |! s C
(六) 词无定译 , S) w# |$ @! c" s例子： $ Q' n6 _ b5 m& w: U+ l
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or : G% Y( _- W F6 b
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 5 H- ?. z; Q- J4 w& a3 z9 h; f
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous . _5 p( D' |6 o0 B
conditions. 9 N7 C4 i! Z$ s$ w7 x. _3 k' K我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。2 E7 Z- q, I) V& g6 W
: \0 h+ }% C/ ?* D r* k. k g$ u(七) 精炼译词 : ^' K( X8 [" O3 ~# l例子： * V7 }( N9 v, ?
A new dignity crept into his walk. 5 C$ n) }+ G, r! Q0 E原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 ) D- f J# v: b6 X7 j" _
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 ' V: W7 i. L1 U) S$ M # J2 C6 m- w/ F3 I(八) 删削"When"字 , [8 z' @' P0 h* ~例子：* H. h- t8 o1 g
1. When he saw me, he was startled. ; t4 Y- X/ k3 X
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 8 f: \: G! ^5 }$ B5 i& c% z
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the " x& `: h; c9 A0 |- k6 }1 [( `; \+ I+ khead, and knocking on them round?" ; @& `) ]+ G$ ^. g* n6 x「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) ; ~8 \/ S& Y: Q& ^4 c. |' D" O6 j
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法 3 J7 a% C! j( f& A8 V3 ^% i' P
例子： 7 u* ~7 Q4 r$ v8 e# u# @
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 4 j$ i( S$ O( w6 q: \0 u: ^
them!" 4 M% ~; E! s- r1 E! w5 k, v"Why, Eva, your room is full now." + z( \6 v8 O, L「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 ! w7 K8 Q' [3 ~6 Y; ]1 @「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 3 b$ {. t( [' S P# b1 k
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" $ H9 ^( x! q. c9 i0 T「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 2 Y' ]# e! g" `* @) c9 I. W7 V/ J) _3 E3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") ' N6 ~" y: x1 F8 U2 z) }
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to - W& U! O0 A. F8 R2 T5 I' T
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 4 Q: _) W9 c* S/ B# R8 K" a
jocularly; ... 4 P4 D* Y8 b, o"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy : M# n6 Q. z0 K) M2 ]' R6 v, t
interval of silence. 5 q$ N" v' M1 ^' @! E9 }5 m/ o
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) * [& ?( R( X0 g2 }「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... , m/ ^9 M3 v. K
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 % R6 h$ U/ i- C6 p
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(十) 顺拆法 + c, p4 b0 M! M. e' Z, b
例子： & O4 l; {0 m7 U7 \) }, K1 f3 j$ CHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 8 Z% ]7 `5 c7 k7 dworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, 9 Z& r' A1 S" ~: a/ S5 xsocial and demographic factors. ) d) y" Z8 O. _' K原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 ! S, ?1 E4 {# o4 \, Z改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 & I+ A1 _8 O* m+ R$ ?8 t/ P# u6 s
, R: h$ k6 U9 R8 {(十一) 倒拆法 * l7 c5 P2 y- }' z: E例子： 7 V) K2 {) l) I8 e; Y
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / : g2 c: m0 Q+ h8 h! i h: G) w3 Xfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 0 X! c3 b" N: Z) n& l' |
supposed conditon. / P6 t% q( ?; @; J" l; q
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 : T5 G) P" r( O4 J. a9 }/ d5 i7 m5 m8 V# r/ [
(十二) 抽词拆句法 ) _7 U2 Z! h. t; A/ _6 Z9 m# h, }例子： 2 _6 a% Q% d6 p$ Z( gAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the ; T" q3 L3 ]3 _* W0 ~" j3 y8 V
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of & k+ g& v9 {) ~
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. ' S) L f( T: H! p8 ^
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。
