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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网* f& b! Z6 e5 D+ [. K8 z
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(一) 同义反译法
1 Q% |' [( O+ X) A" j6 T例子： + A7 A6 R8 s0 w# s5 O# b9 C
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
% ]5 {8 c, ?5 H( U- V ^酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) * v; j$ H- T* p& l7 O4 Q
2. I'll be here for good this time.
1 G% y! J* }' }/ g这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
1 s' t% I W0 d/ S: S( C8 V3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. ( @ q7 q) c6 D/ m# L
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) ! H0 t) Y, ~7 y' A/ ~ q
4. "Wait, he is serious."
& Z3 E& E# c- d* y5 ?! p) U「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) " T; \; ]3 B6 |2 b% M
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 8 r1 {# B( J6 y6 f
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) $ b6 e8 R+ w8 U3 R: D6 q( r) p, x
, D: @0 f% O% q( }7 H3 p. N(二) 删减解释词
" j' X! f" F0 i# `% ]例子： c y% b0 Q8 X, w# M
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 3 U0 N. }0 d i/ p# H4 N
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a ! j& M7 E) O% ~2 C, U
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
3 d8 m* d+ X( x d- M到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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. [- Q. Z$ g7 C! O) t(三) 短句拆译 * u. q9 L- F# r! e2 i/ \
例子： ( I& u5 h a! y& t- e& ^5 T: v
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
, c2 X' m8 p6 X- g: E; l8 X「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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6 @# R; s9 d( V" k' i& X' ~, x(四) 译词推陈出新
: e G! D9 g/ _/ W9 N例子：
$ ^- T1 c6 f- UWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
7 l( r( U( w2 idoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a ( Z$ T" a! X8 c1 H
lower.
* {; g7 O6 |& p2 t$ F% S1 x原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ( B5 y3 O$ K( c; }& c0 l" G
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 6 E9 c7 i7 e3 U! T& Q4 b3 g
原词 原译 改译
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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' E* _3 `7 d# Q7 \ P. Zact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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5 j+ a3 Q: e+ J+ S( p: z% Sa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 % a( a1 U/ u& V6 ]6 d
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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8 G9 B1 K8 C: O" Hin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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7 h0 |" m. k6 U" ^( H. G(五) 解释性添词
3 \' ^3 Y+ h, ^例子：
0 o2 v8 A- d1 G6 e) r; {2 ?1 ]) a! V' _"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have " P: B+ H. k6 x# f( l
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I & P5 g, K% N! Q% A( U
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
3 Y3 m- K8 Q/ ]& a m* v8 ^4 \and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
5 z! D- a8 C$ X1 y「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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0 M2 }2 F: A* p(六) 词无定译 2 W8 }2 W6 w2 y% z
例子：
% k4 t T: F# \- S' LIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or ( _8 e2 n0 \1 N) x5 A3 F( Q
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
N" M. c, I5 p0 \, `% y: K+ U$ ^he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
4 F3 h$ R r7 Wconditions.
2 E/ d% O" V- d6 E; [我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。6 E7 J* l; S7 h4 {/ ~
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(七) 精炼译词 8 z4 ]7 B# t* O( O; H) y6 \
例子：
) Q+ `( c) `$ a' d4 R5 i, tA new dignity crept into his walk. 7 j0 ]/ z8 Y' Q- Y3 U* N9 |
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 % I1 E+ p0 P% F; X7 r: c- d0 Z; v
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 F$ S8 Q1 N3 u# R5 E& h
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(八) 删削"When"字 ; A3 I7 G! B0 L
例子：/ }- g' K% @0 u- l
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
( s* Q9 {. _3 p他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
2 c. e! W+ ]9 A$ K2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
6 E0 n0 l/ Y! X$ E \head, and knocking on them round?" 8 t7 e3 e8 G# l! s+ l: {) K
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法
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1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 1 Q2 ?+ ], d+ Z1 p0 O3 N
them!" 4 k+ W- j% j6 R* B, N5 b+ F6 ^
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
' Y# N/ R9 q S「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
$ m6 u% Q0 Z6 P# n, O" `「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 2 T9 }" f4 R. Q9 M* w. A/ X0 O
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
% }. R8 ?7 |' l/ a, w5 F. d「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 # R" A8 c5 ?: b, m& B' H
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
+ ]' h p5 u: U"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
( f; v/ ]' p7 |/ W- }1 tkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, ( Z" L! D% a) y- N6 k
jocularly; ... ' n4 T9 |. b4 F$ s: Y
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
4 P; O) |8 e. b1 m1 winterval of silence.
$ {" x7 J4 m+ j(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) 4 w- q) U* N7 N& {% t% D
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
0 K1 h7 ?* w- `7 j7 S$ J「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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9 |2 r' ?1 C/ R c1 w1 r(十) 顺拆法
" s6 ^( a0 J" Q" o' w. y* W3 ?例子： : ~3 t+ t) Q/ s
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 9 ?6 A7 G' P) L. N2 E+ \* r" M) x' H
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, ' F8 m2 ]9 @, f; y7 p
social and demographic factors. 7 F# J8 J( U) B
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
6 s* Q* E/ j/ Y: Y) f% T8 L4 q" I改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 - H5 `% s* r) w5 B* J$ }
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(十一) 倒拆法 ; b" x1 p) o$ F) x6 ^+ ~, W+ Y
例子：
) A$ W6 {" D# M+ y& |9 p! J* cTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
1 }# L/ f1 l$ X, `for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 4 C& o$ n. a' Q7 v8 i- M
supposed conditon. ) o5 r8 o3 D% @
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 & `& \/ c' t) f8 O6 ` {: I% X' D
. K6 ]- T' d6 H% h2 y(十二) 抽词拆句法 ) B- T/ l% _6 O) d6 y
例子： ( ?: q' C V- n: X& x/ f; I
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
7 z7 A/ K7 o. g; \eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
( t0 q$ z: w7 s0 a. hgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 2 t2 u- Q% x! e5 v7 `1 O2 w
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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