[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网$ }# S' v# m) K2 M- U( C

7 J  P# U3 M" E/ Q! a(一) 同义反译法 * G  }; g0 Q8 U+ _" P# |' i
例子：
' t( f8 x1 c4 M# Y- g1 i$ C  H) o1. Only three customers remained in the bar. # l1 v  c6 k( \$ H5 }: ]$ h0 z7 P
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
4 {8 u) z' t+ J+ Y% c5 d2. I'll be here for good this time. - z$ G, o. c: c* Q& \0 T
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 2 v3 e: e! A$ S6 v5 Y- K3 T
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. $ a. e$ t) I5 _: k2 _, {- r% N
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
+ H9 z. P( q$ y- x" s% G4. "Wait, he is serious."
5 i( f. H$ C0 ?, ~/ f; W: t「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) + G. _5 S- \* |. \! P% N( n7 b
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
4 j* P. I6 b/ y0 u! T「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) " J: V1 w+ Q2 g& e2 c2 b" ~

& F( G; W! a" w* U# y7 P% e(二) 删减解释词
* G% e) ~, A! v% [0 ~4 V例子：
3 `+ h+ m9 V" zThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 1 l/ G8 c/ }. O% s0 T: |3 o
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a . U$ R% Y! ~% r0 t- D  [
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. . X6 ?; f4 x. v6 s4 y/ e: T9 Y
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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(三) 短句拆译 $ F& L- }3 R5 I
例子：
6 D$ ^; B) Z: p% {( _: p* U" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 9 V- [7 R' ?* }" P/ ]
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 8 C& H0 }9 r6 s! t: G2 l& \
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(四) 译词推陈出新 3 k5 e# j# `$ i& e
例子： 6 T" P- |4 M$ V1 A! f* Z( U3 a
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
0 D5 N8 L# Y4 s& n" Adoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
1 w6 T2 Y2 l3 {8 T8 n5 R* G4 g2 k2 {lower.
& u6 g1 _) D( p原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 8 ]' t* c  L8 [' S, G
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ) \1 a3 w. s4 w; S, J# \( U& u
原词 原译 改译 : ~. J" [. J. f* ~0 e! \1 A! E
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 - u+ X- a9 ~4 f, C$ }" o
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 / c6 W* g( Z! d2 j; k# A4 P3 Y6 F
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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3 a7 p3 }' c8 R' z' y, cordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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(五) 解释性添词 + p; o3 B2 n7 l" m
例子： ; F. _( T; B8 Z7 J* U# t" s
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
5 d- K  [$ K, Tdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I ' `( P; k1 v" L4 `5 Y
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
- @" r& V! A2 Cand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 4 _' q  N+ W; Y: i# |1 ]4 j/ i3 d$ t
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 5 v' g3 J  m1 e
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(六) 词无定译 # `# E1 f5 [, P4 V6 O0 \
例子：
8 F% w6 q: r( F- s% T2 eIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or 0 I* ?: Z6 g" {1 w, t! t
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, # a( p0 T- w1 x$ {5 Q
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
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& G- d7 F5 Y( `1 l( G7 x我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。% h: O/ U$ C. a
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(七) 精炼译词
4 A% X" S: A- E+ f2 x例子： + l# B9 d' `; l% h
A new dignity crept into his walk.
5 i, W- o5 \' f8 x% o, l# h. f0 _0 m; E原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 # h+ t& N- W+ g5 F! H
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 * F7 a& o7 U/ I4 }. w8 F4 L

1 l/ s' f8 `7 `% ~" [1 F(八) 删削"When"字
+ _4 a7 M' |; m1 s  Y" A例子：
1 _5 a0 I$ {( g+ _6 c5 H1. When he saw me, he was startled.
( R2 O* A; b1 N  f, n' o他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
2 h  [4 L  Z' \2 R9 X0 b2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the * s  ~2 O! p  f# n. h, J! X
head, and knocking on them round?"
- Z- H% C! T7 U' d8 L* L* p, _「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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( a4 _5 l- B* H! I/ A0 W$ K5 w(九) 感叹词的不同译法 : Z* o" ?4 b- G. ?- ]5 Z7 r- {
例子： ' ?( v) E, Q; Z$ K& A4 s/ z
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
1 s1 {7 D3 ]% {" d$ ~them!" 1 G" M" A2 y/ k
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 0 @; V, m, d+ e
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
* H) ?5 }. L; v. w「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 . }- o7 U8 [, J
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" - `9 v  I+ N0 ]7 d: J
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 9 O$ Z% ]+ ^" k3 _3 t0 M$ f. b
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") . ]$ ^% g) u/ I9 x
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to 0 m. L4 W3 Z8 s" C. l
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
& `! y; V0 R2 ]jocularly; ... 8 L1 Y5 ^9 _" e
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy " W, U+ M7 j" O$ d( Y' C9 l
interval of silence.
8 {( w7 f+ \9 e; b" q(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
6 u- \: v! J, g( S! y, y「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... ! d/ r% m7 j5 e+ D1 C
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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- ^% p4 N" G! g0 h, L4 j(十) 顺拆法
3 V% J; i5 Y' I3 S. s$ f6 A例子： ) {0 {9 a7 k8 d6 R( [: l) _: _% E
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
/ [" ?' |3 Q) i! g/ R- w5 V* Nworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
" E1 S  R0 b+ ~- h8 U3 r& ysocial and demographic factors.
4 R' L% A8 ~) g; A- n: I. I原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
( U# y' ~4 E7 A改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 ) ?9 [9 `6 K. k) ?* E4 J
例子：
( b9 s! U0 D/ r6 CTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
, e( n+ l" N' i  ?8 {for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his ( i  R  {6 p& N( B, `3 X
supposed conditon. 4 L) U- M- g# l# D
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 ; n/ ~3 P, m) h, d8 H9 l

6 E9 i" g# v) n(十二) 抽词拆句法
% ?% \' E! ^! M. y" c) F( k2 S例子： 0 @  P$ A+ b# W( t4 P; S, V+ Q) H1 S
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
2 l# [2 \9 M6 k. meye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of ; \% c9 k1 W$ c& S
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. , w5 h7 i3 x/ k1 d+ J1 y
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。