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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网3 y% Q- [) t3 j; r5 x: e
6 P5 i- K' ^2 I' F(一) 同义反译法 " ~; @ `0 {4 h/ \
例子： & N$ T( v1 L. H( }8 l
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. + w4 u2 p5 [: D4 G# e+ @
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) , M p K: C3 p. j0 X- x# x
2. I'll be here for good this time.
# r7 O/ O9 d$ J& G/ H这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) : z* D2 U H& c. Q. R( J) n, ?
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
1 }& _% T! L2 I& D我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
. }) L+ K8 d% ^4. "Wait, he is serious." ! F' m# c0 @$ Q: s8 D9 r3 k
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
: y; @; p# l' E1 Q5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 5 r. C% F# @& i1 l% j& }2 B% j! V
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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(二) 删减解释词 " x# Q q% t9 F9 I1 e3 x3 x
例子： - k& m9 u1 X/ `! I3 a* j, l" B; g" ]
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of ; ~ S; E5 T9 D- @$ }$ Z
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
# O6 c0 F8 r# m0 u* _! O2 p% iparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. / ]" y1 `! ]; A" U6 p
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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) R& J! }! Z+ k) S; ^+ x5 Y6 s(三) 短句拆译
) N+ U u+ W/ W7 |- P例子：
/ F7 _5 V+ c% r* ?" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
- L# G- A9 T* q9 w* g( H5 Q; H「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 3 S/ p8 D/ H1 t6 R- R4 E
, [+ t& q, w/ K; p(四) 译词推陈出新 9 a1 g1 l! U8 B, L
例子： ; @) U& P" a2 D
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
( r& i( M) U% v! R% pdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a & n' Q$ f2 j- l" W' c* B. d
lower.
. E1 C# P' k9 |9 [. P0 f8 F原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
" k: i* j; p4 i改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
# j/ `3 D ^3 B) U- C! R原词 原译 改译 5 @. b+ `% [+ ?6 J) t1 c6 V- f7 R& D h
8 |. Z) j7 s- ]# j- xwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 9 g% ?* y1 C7 G, g5 Y
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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. @7 i; c5 R3 y+ T. y) L: E) b* cin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了/ s1 F$ S1 E4 U! D5 r
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(五) 解释性添词 0 {; |$ T$ G1 z/ N& k0 C' L
例子： 1 d7 x g+ R# T; _$ k$ W
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 4 [4 Z4 p# v( Y9 M
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
- W# H; R+ B! W$ B5 lnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet & R: b/ v2 c/ Z! h
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
& f8 e: o4 ^: r/ J* v, ]1 P, J4 J「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译
; [' @( b: ^' l. z例子： " P! Z5 e0 x+ w! }4 r% Y" p! x
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or ! P4 Q4 ]8 K" A2 E9 W, i- x) o' b/ L2 I
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, ! z. `" Z; K, d! s U
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
% Q# g- V7 W, L1 bconditions.
. E1 N W. ~ l) B: u' [$ {: ^我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词 ! U6 v- s% {5 f' ~9 F. r, d2 ?3 f" ^
例子： ( H8 r& i! W) e) m$ N
A new dignity crept into his walk.
. s% K ^$ a5 U- g# u7 @原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 , D; J, [1 l& d% t8 {* _
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 j! F% H y+ x& m8 H0 }' N
; \0 T$ I2 ]; `5 [(八) 删削"When"字
/ U' {$ b% o0 V例子：5 h6 O# m6 Z s" h5 Z( p3 L
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
# [# B: o& |5 R5 l0 D$ Q他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) * z% M# C$ ]* j& \ [8 N$ ?6 F
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
& U5 h; G" y9 J/ R& a" ?2 S. {head, and knocking on them round?" 1 r4 u# z% ]$ y" i
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 0 R1 @' P0 q* p: z
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法
3 B2 h8 T% }7 B8 h% ^1 n( N例子：
$ N3 N4 [4 n+ S3 {% X1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 8 o9 e8 b m9 D. ^3 H
them!"
9 _9 @# D+ N) [9 N3 w! U2 n" w4 R"Why, Eva, your room is full now." # E+ @/ K! ^3 ^ q$ W
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 % d) j5 T) G J7 Q. T3 ?
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
% Q6 |8 A4 }1 x Y2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" , F: a6 ]: X$ u& h6 u
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 9 p) |% y# c9 r
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") # i$ n; |4 x# b
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
0 ?* R/ o9 L9 o4 b2 {& H3 qkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
' u, W3 A( R0 \0 Z* F* H8 Ljocularly; ...
. B% K3 {' o9 ~$ e" n' z% R"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
! ^: T9 t8 [. ^6 `' V; jinterval of silence.
K3 f% ~) Y7 [(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ! b& J: R6 ]" }1 P
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 7 u- u' u9 S4 N* p3 h
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法 4 ~9 i5 T \& I
例子： # ]+ c" a2 }- }( l
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
+ \8 R1 s* d1 }, Vworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
. J, n u4 l, r8 f; Y u$ t: `social and demographic factors.
3 r. L9 j w6 ^: s, A: c原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
6 a7 I# T, D/ Q5 d/ x _, W9 `改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 : W2 g& O6 p1 O" ]% `' j% M# x
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(十一) 倒拆法 & i2 ~, T4 k2 t, `6 Z% [
例子： ! [$ \2 u6 o B* _, v
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
9 x* I( N2 r" Pfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his ; | a" q' o% w W
supposed conditon.
$ u" Y8 y9 |# j要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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(十二) 抽词拆句法
`) S+ S3 V. l- @3 K例子：
: ^# }# u; ]5 KAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
5 |! Q _5 {) k. Neye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
! `$ l( x8 ?9 rgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. % F' v, ~5 a5 _ \# d3 I- S
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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