[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网8 `, D" t) Y5 G& ~) H& [

+ |9 N' s( t5 h(一) 同义反译法
/ C# G; Q7 G$ `- M7 W0 \6 K  T& A例子： # f4 O! @3 E& O' a" ]
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
' g5 y6 \: C8 e- Q( F7 p酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) $ d& D7 u/ h" g2 Y4 J3 ^/ s
2. I'll be here for good this time. + D9 F6 r1 m7 B. H
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
3 X; S3 q7 U6 K' {& |8 b+ ^3 W+ k3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
# k: T& V$ M9 B2 H# T  Y我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
5 T; P% q, L" t6 e3 F3 ^( ]- ]4. "Wait, he is serious." # }9 p0 O6 U* W, |
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) # z$ C; v4 r, n2 S) Z: l1 o4 R; h
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
4 t& q9 `/ V6 |' ]( O% P「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) . d- \4 h+ E. e, W9 s8 y+ p* b' E0 j

) F6 W3 A1 R4 m0 L(二) 删减解释词   A2 X+ a1 y! g# k$ m/ g
例子：
6 f: Q- W9 F8 r" C. D' CThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
+ @( |( E9 n  f- urefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a 4 R6 z) B5 m* r% L0 g! Q% |
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. ; I  q. _; R* c0 p" v: g
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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0 p, ^  x% B4 D  v2 {(三) 短句拆译 % M) L/ o5 v" _, m% N
例子： % i! ^3 n  K- K  j: [% c
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
& P. l: B& b. F「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新
* w4 Q: V. {. }* B例子：
' V4 A# C# `% O7 X  k% dWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with ! j9 F0 E' X- H7 n0 n
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a # y: L+ R- I0 W8 j5 y
lower.
9 ^* a2 b4 y' s- l原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
$ P% \6 I; c( o8 k& o% n/ J改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ! S, J" p# E: r
原词 原译 改译 % {  k/ G- R) o; v4 J' t

) L# f9 f7 m) Q. G( F0 Qwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候 ( j( K9 P; x0 f) Y/ i* F
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 + t( e: ~8 g& X. G4 i3 Y% U2 g

- k- M3 m. n5 [( Ua lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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; d+ K, C9 [3 h  {, jordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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/ O' B% }# Z! \; Cin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了+ {: z) O! ~; U* d. l+ }& @

( M: P' U& X/ u. h1 k% x(五) 解释性添词 6 {$ K0 F) g* X1 a9 e
例子：
, K! M( m0 D$ F' q% |"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
! c7 s# X+ [( i* v) ndone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 8 N8 W4 d' ]- c) P/ E# t
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet ) g- L# u; B/ a% V! w& D
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
. r1 F0 M- W* O「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译 9 ~" y+ G$ w  y5 b8 K
例子： 4 Y2 y8 O' t5 p3 Q! M
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or ; A7 \- c$ ]0 E5 [/ i
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, * h! z% N- ~- b2 w9 g0 n
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
$ A) Y# e. V% r( z& @$ e0 ~conditions. ' E2 H- ]# Q! t! A
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词 7 |" M5 S. S* C5 H# P) l, w, P0 C
例子：
6 c  {* b5 R* j1 Q' MA new dignity crept into his walk. & B' A7 Y1 y! b/ R5 Z# z
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
5 z4 A# Z1 B/ E) t7 ?) L" Y) C改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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+ D5 m0 [5 {* b(八) 删削"When"字 7 Y" a0 C. T: W7 p, [, C
例子：+ L$ p$ g8 `' s# R* }
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
5 m; [! @% s, Y& T他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 8 u" K/ K/ d5 S% ?8 {9 {
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
/ J, t. i! [' y  [, Z& lhead, and knocking on them round?"
. S( F' s7 d" S4 s  D「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 1 e! Y% V! L+ Q6 `: g" \: @$ g, q

; z: i. e1 J1 d- \1 o2 O7 a(九) 感叹词的不同译法
1 P; B) H) R8 g3 C6 W例子：
  g9 v. I. n% l2 `! Q6 |1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
: W$ e: q% n, m4 H. l4 ythem!"
3 T' O$ N3 u& x( @"Why, Eva, your room is full now." ; n; E, O$ |, c2 W/ b2 v- l, Z  b
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」   ~% L. o: }. `& l
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
! N6 l2 x' k  M  `9 e, n9 d* `% [2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
1 J0 u# }* w% Z# l+ p8 v「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
/ e5 Y7 a; L" X3 B; {8 p, t- g8 ?  ]3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") - H& R6 ~+ J( k& ^
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to ! f+ p  \" T) m. i
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 7 f* g  L  o- K! o' K5 W
jocularly; ...
1 t4 \% Z5 n: |, e8 L& C% W9 `0 G# i( u"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy ' i+ X: s7 N3 j4 f% e. |
interval of silence.
! b) W; [2 r4 x6 h) P(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
& \3 Z% z0 b6 d7 U「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
$ M$ K3 g- L: w1 c3 r* i「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 5 h7 W0 K8 j2 L6 ]6 x1 `4 K6 m( g

  s% z0 a) y% V(十) 顺拆法
) R- R1 \; B* a+ L例子：
! B9 T/ z/ d; }- O$ KHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue * \1 U; l! U& l7 a' o$ O
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, 1 P( ?% o3 P7 t. b. H( G1 M2 D# b
social and demographic factors.
' j+ ^! Q/ J% b, v$ P原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 0 X: |' f7 u3 Y1 p
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法
+ I* ^( I  h: S# z  J! t: A. g4 z例子：
6 J$ ^8 L" H  E/ r( V- wTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / / ~1 o# E$ l4 o; h6 ?+ C1 I
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his + C* D9 K6 x1 F  m  O( n  K
supposed conditon. : H5 ~$ P' J9 u
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 & w' I3 ]9 m0 e6 Z9 z/ Q' w: d
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 : c7 T6 ^/ t3 c+ |$ q+ V
例子：
* b) f# L6 E- C6 J$ X5 O/ S6 x+ `All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the . d+ `' h- G1 \
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of % X  c9 S0 b3 f$ N2 o0 d3 ~
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
6 z3 S  U$ s" m) p1 o& ^' {/ W从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。