[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网" v3 s+ \" {: k

) `% M$ s- t0 h9 Y5 k(一) 同义反译法 4 j( B( f: ]. K- e9 T, \" ?( S
例子：
" W9 {7 t# X8 l/ H1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
" p8 P* ]5 j1 [: E  ]酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) * N/ b4 N  ]0 k; a+ `
2. I'll be here for good this time.
: f5 i# W5 R7 f3 P' Y3 Q, Q这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
8 M1 s  N0 Q1 g& x- s3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
7 X1 E* X- \! Y; t2 [5 l我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) % B; q% }/ h' }( J: Z$ F
4. "Wait, he is serious." 1 w- B' @7 Z. t$ F" z
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) . p) \" h) Z6 j, g4 d' ~) {& m
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
9 G1 m$ J9 W- k, u) G6 s「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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(二) 删减解释词
2 B% r! I/ g2 L5 i8 k0 m/ |7 ~- J4 C例子：
' v% C1 I9 v" N- _The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
5 V" A1 W  u+ j% Drefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a . F- C2 P2 o# c2 v; g$ \6 C
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
- q, k* W' G) b2 \1 c到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。. C  L: M3 l4 D

( n" @( @: W) @(三) 短句拆译
6 o$ h" b, a9 j( @* N" o例子： % r+ E# D% X1 {+ G0 r
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
9 K! S. e/ F. r4 e「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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- r0 f/ G" t' v- Q(四) 译词推陈出新 9 U+ E% G- o& X- U
例子： ; m- i* L& u  o( i5 _, P  Y
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
, r* H: t# Q4 ]# _! h7 _! pdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
0 w+ B3 Z( P1 Glower.
8 T" M# a2 I* M: C7 F原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
! w& l7 \& f* W% K# V9 l7 x0 k改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
. a8 w3 h( w( L" P6 g% U原词 原译 改译
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候   L, I/ c6 c8 G

7 U0 E8 [; y( Vact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 ( u- ]# Y9 H3 u* @5 t! {

5 {$ x3 e* X9 U5 h* |in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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(五) 解释性添词
; A9 r6 p$ U  {- x4 b9 f例子：
% k1 E% b1 h) A. o' f% r% Y* Q"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
% e# ]# X5 i6 M- Z, F4 k! ydone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I ' P3 u: [+ Q: v! ^/ M! R
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
) ?* p) r* t/ D! {. J/ J7 Yand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. 9 l4 v( B( F' h' F% g! d3 p7 j
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译
. J$ e3 M+ F/ h4 b5 n. U: g例子：
! z  w+ X/ M. R! i; e6 @It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or 9 l& d" n1 J4 E( t: e# D' b, F) \* [! ~
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
; E% c5 s: l% K+ f6 C& n! Yhe carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
: D  c& Y( o5 y) j( P/ @/ }conditions.
* Z+ W0 \! o' F5 C3 s我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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6 B% H" G& k2 e0 [# C+ V  h+ X(七) 精炼译词
* `+ ~" o5 d$ M0 m例子：
* b' Y" d1 ]0 G- S" {: t1 ~A new dignity crept into his walk. & B9 F1 G$ I, X6 G0 w
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 0 `. @1 Y0 K' F2 d+ L/ ?
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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" n$ i. J* |9 I  j, D5 ~, R(八) 删削"When"字 2 m5 P4 F/ v3 ?4 B6 `. i
例子：
! L9 ~& T4 m2 V$ `5 P$ @$ H4 {% E7 D1. When he saw me, he was startled. + u; s4 P+ V' K  ^1 z& w
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
, p& z4 {0 v  c3 m, L- O* T2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
8 Y% N! e) r" v5 Hhead, and knocking on them round?"
! {3 r! Q7 u; x2 L( o' J& U1 `「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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4 l  ]+ t! i$ q  v' m; V+ h(九) 感叹词的不同译法 8 b$ \: N& q, O3 m
例子：
, c9 d8 t( L1 Z' f' l: Y/ p1 k9 Y1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 5 m7 U" j) C& c: v+ z
them!" : W2 C4 E" W  G
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
5 D& U4 a/ {! g) ?「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 0 r- v1 Z* r6 U7 l) c
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
2 ]. b& s6 t  \6 K2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" , O' ^% {, N. [0 [/ w6 @+ B! _: ^
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
7 d8 ~- m4 T0 G3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
% @. G. S6 q5 [% {3 P"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
3 P7 U6 R( j8 y8 X$ f2 R4 \keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
- V7 S, u5 c7 E- _6 l0 k$ {' vjocularly; ... # t: s/ h9 n! J
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
! ^. o! M. f& w5 Qinterval of silence.
) ~  v* V, l6 \3 A. M9 w(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ) B; p3 [1 F7 D: _; a" f6 w/ X% ?
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 1 x4 t6 F# v5 Q  p* K$ c8 k
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法
- y# u. @0 B. R- h7 L0 {& f例子： & Z# U4 A5 `" o' v
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue + B" B/ h* t2 W- a* E# v
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, / G2 Y# ?1 E7 {- I7 k, ]/ O. Z" M9 W
social and demographic factors. : I5 w. o+ C- `$ `2 I
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 3 C3 b9 V/ R& S8 z2 O
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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$ Y  l- r' O, T- C1 A( b" N(十一) 倒拆法
, ~" b/ G5 Q6 R例子： - S; L" d4 o$ ^. @
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
; |1 e2 B1 r9 `! c" c1 ^7 lfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
- w. d, _! r( c* e) P' ysupposed conditon.
' u/ D4 B6 x6 W! ]8 r/ B要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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2 H" i; t' ~3 T' n% w) [(十二) 抽词拆句法 6 f% ?) A4 J4 ?6 f" _: E5 z
例子：
5 P, G; l8 M9 f. _, TAll the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
: i+ y+ a  ~+ m; z; R, M9 V% ^eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
9 p& a  L0 d( Q6 kgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
3 |+ _4 Z  h; L% j3 l) X从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。