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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网5 O% C& u( F$ n7 k X q
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(一) 同义反译法
1 W) }1 i: g. u2 M% B5 G. c例子：
% T; E# w# p# r: n& y8 S* h% Z$ F* I1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
' i) X$ U9 ~ E9 A7 k3 t8 y* q, {酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) ; w, D" O9 V: n
2. I'll be here for good this time.
) h; j) t( t" [' I这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) 8 W( l; i/ x2 e3 K$ k% ?6 |
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. 1 i& I8 ?) }, p/ f) S6 ^) G7 R6 O, V, j
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
2 s2 L) c. p% m; m" v% H4. "Wait, he is serious." " w8 i. h. m1 a. L; @2 @: b- b
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
, l& C/ v7 V" C& p# N. X5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 3 H/ l6 O) A# u' z2 v2 ~1 K
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) % u" w% P0 a# V, ^
. C. d( B- P# a4 i0 o(二) 删减解释词 9 z' E7 {/ ]3 H8 e# o, @
例子：
0 _2 S1 U7 n. x+ @" V, DThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 0 o+ {9 N3 y3 R+ u" P
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a I+ }& ^. K" [& c7 A0 _5 R( B
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
8 |- i" @1 g" D9 t* Q# W到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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d: q% ^; {0 W* |3 B(三) 短句拆译 ; |* S! }1 ^) f' t/ t* J' i- p
例子： 9 R9 f1 {- W* B3 ?" m
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 2 q$ [, I0 g! Z# z
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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/ E: t5 Q7 Z& `# ?(四) 译词推陈出新 4 z- ~# \. w% f' N
例子：
$ `( X# P( _7 SWhen he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
( ^1 `4 f i- @( [$ G0 Jdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a , \6 d+ |, C+ c# s
lower.
9 `, z4 r$ _- g! ^6 N" _原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
5 a. B, g8 @) M" T* ~9 D4 t改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
$ H) R6 H: U. [6 |* [ {原词 原译 改译 ( s( S( U% `5 f# x
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 * M8 T2 T" V2 a( W6 U, f( B$ P
! T# {& J; [2 z4 [. ^2 tact with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 ; g& ]5 ?/ ~; j: y- |2 D+ X' l
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a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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6 [ s1 f; c. o, B( h% M. u9 bin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了/ F1 c6 ~7 r( w, W8 e
1 m: y) D# T% N& k2 a% `(五) 解释性添词
8 j5 V# Y8 ?9 V8 \6 F% }例子： # I0 e" u: Z9 z& Y& m. J
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 7 u, t/ g6 G6 M! x/ J& [. x9 S
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
6 G P& ]% \! g2 K, W- ~never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet & ^4 O( j0 Q$ q- R0 b5 o: C; r
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
# P' H: v+ L/ Z4 u「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译
1 z$ l( C/ r! d, X* z; z例子： # S5 U* q; y# y
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
- Q- L- { }& H# K2 Bcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
; A. l% d* u, t& S# v& |he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
7 {# o; l6 p( h. y" m0 P2 gconditions.
! V3 L {0 `- ^. {9 M7 C$ r0 d我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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9 n7 \3 a; \; ^6 k& s9 p(七) 精炼译词 4 c" I5 C& o) G9 S' V
例子： / P# \/ {! {( S9 i
A new dignity crept into his walk.
9 |, I4 |% K5 |8 m原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
2 [* G6 ~" i- }! U6 |改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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7 m7 \3 d: y6 t$ \) U9 M$ C5 }(八) 删削"When"字
# r5 s2 T9 Q: p7 k# \; x9 L) f" K例子：, \& ?% t3 k" r0 R1 V
1. When he saw me, he was startled. 1 y k; Y4 y7 }; j! E
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
1 _3 |* A9 w }7 g Z2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the 9 Z+ g7 ?6 D; g8 E: R1 y
head, and knocking on them round?" ; T" a6 x5 w# L1 n+ {; j
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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8 V( Z. v% l* ^/ d$ G" S(九) 感叹词的不同译法
% E U8 a* m6 Y4 a* y" D例子：
0 m4 {" l9 r. r6 _5 i3 ^1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 1 D. M {2 t; f% M6 v
them!" 6 i" S, N) {+ ]/ h
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 5 c) T' V2 Z$ ^3 q2 Y: E
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 0 r$ h2 r' ?- ]% i
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
1 x7 R0 m- v7 e3 W3 L7 m. y: `% ^2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" / s6 e, F# x, I% H. x
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 9 d& d* j0 e, }! m. l* _
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
3 q+ Z" w1 \/ P( h3 I1 v"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
! s+ m# R# |- B# m7 Okeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, G. w" m# ?+ o) r: h8 O
jocularly; ... ! G3 W: s2 C& N, W# v* J v
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy % E, ?2 ~. q7 R" _* V" G
interval of silence. $ u2 k, y! g- F! |& T9 Y. x2 ]/ x5 e5 i
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) # I0 p$ |6 [" B6 ]6 J
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
% B8 X3 j0 e2 L/ r+ U「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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1 ^' @& U: s' W5 q( n3 ^(十) 顺拆法
- o0 f: X1 _9 |: _8 a2 p例子：
) e/ }4 R& F" a# L: @9 v2 PHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
8 `$ d) X* h$ U/ pworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, * P5 d8 N$ x% C1 ^
social and demographic factors. / R$ Q% ~ S m" P" b+ [
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
9 @" A% n; n9 V. P7 w改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 , B- ]+ T" W% W
# R, c( Y8 c: ]1 s(十一) 倒拆法 * ^& R: G, L! m5 c+ L0 f' _
例子： ( E: e5 _6 ~+ w
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
0 l' j& |1 O( O4 L2 K9 s% jfor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his - S& d" j5 [* t( m6 C- m
supposed conditon. + ~7 E( O" B6 {/ [8 U
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 0 |' L' l4 N. A" i7 n; s7 k
0 t0 K: n( w( [# r: ^, P) D(十二) 抽词拆句法 & m( O9 T) E( Z: r! [- L! N) G, W
例子： 9 J' ~) z+ @/ y' X- M/ t
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
: ~) I0 \9 H& f& Meye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of , Q- v" l+ K. R
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. ; J0 v( g6 o- n- x
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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