[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
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% M! `# N. H. z0 K1 h) h6 ]4 A! y(一) 同义反译法
9 Y! d, i8 R+ j2 P6 }* w# T' i例子： $ {" |2 u! k! y
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
  k/ z7 w- v' {9 D' w酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) 4 F) z3 A" q$ m
2. I'll be here for good this time.
2 I# w5 s% G- S0 J  i8 C9 ]这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
( @  W5 U. _. f$ H; ]3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
, w/ t* f  c  l0 X我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) % P6 u* B/ d2 C; z
4. "Wait, he is serious."
! m& p# {! {0 W# H「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
0 i2 K% y% [% p6 o& I/ a+ p. V  M5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" - n2 }  B$ ~2 U8 f5 @$ R+ v7 a
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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( q6 v7 j" H( e8 |5 S0 M(二) 删减解释词
/ V' ?6 b) T6 t' a& s例子：
2 e* B$ |" a" v/ Q; h/ M0 lThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 1 T, |, G9 h; n: k& `! R1 Y
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a , _: V4 e) ?' ]6 @# @7 l6 ^
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. * n9 u! I( G+ ?! q8 B' _
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。1 R* b1 }+ P) Q$ K6 I% l

0 ]. i) y% N! Y) Y2 A5 B(三) 短句拆译 9 R3 Y" e6 E9 o6 {- v- R! t
例子：
- `$ i( M" B3 b0 o; @" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 1 a, j5 z5 z; x8 c
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新 ; C" x1 C9 R/ Q# I! o$ ^
例子：
# w" Q0 c% D: m9 r6 O" @When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 2 J& X$ S* w( c' k4 o
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
( F2 o) a- J# H3 L! Rlower.
4 \5 K* o) F- K2 s原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
6 P6 X7 X5 q/ ?/ i3 p1 j# C. u改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 6 k! d% H8 [3 a: r
原词 原译 改译 / K. W# d1 U! O5 M$ p4 z* O7 p  T

( [! l; q2 D$ y+ d, T* S! Qwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 ( X( b3 l1 R2 a$ r  q' b8 I

7 {- _5 F2 J0 W, ka lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 . X, n* M' \) Z; F# L2 q; N" ~6 l
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 5 X. b8 `! v! s& v5 f
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了5 }$ C5 i/ y% `; d% A; L$ i
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(五) 解释性添词 ' L) V) c8 P# j) d; d/ x
例子： 7 i+ W  ~6 z/ }% ]9 n
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
. }% D$ E0 q# ~! k9 K, b5 Zdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
' w" A4 n, V! n% N( W& |never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet / w: X, [" C# ]; \$ {- C
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. : r0 q. w% ~, \' q' A/ ?2 m& {
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 2 Y8 ^3 [& \/ }6 Z/ S' \. i

( o5 V  I" J) s. h" g: g# t+ g" l(六) 词无定译
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It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or : I% [/ T$ {- e( [- {: `6 @2 E) p/ C+ \8 c
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, 3 q2 q# z7 K# X0 _2 S8 H; x5 W
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
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我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词 ' L% x% F8 w) D! t9 A8 H* F* o
例子：
5 m, R* k9 y8 v  d5 E1 uA new dignity crept into his walk. 2 R6 q2 @, o# U5 T$ s
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
' \, U  \/ G! Z" f/ s改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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(八) 删削"When"字 " x0 m- @( |5 z$ \
例子：+ Y8 Z# v1 |! n3 U2 t7 j
1. When he saw me, he was startled. 7 @& C0 t* [$ ?, y
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......)
3 t. h8 J1 E& P& _5 D2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
( E; C( _; k' j& P. Ghead, and knocking on them round?"
% G! V6 D* c6 V「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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# I9 W& o6 Y% e(九) 感叹词的不同译法
' H! r- u3 O6 t例子：
' ]# v+ W/ B- u% s% w7 f+ H' V5 s1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
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: m$ Z% k+ H! V! U8 y"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
  X2 z0 ]7 f- g( U! O+ @「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 6 _3 {! O2 T4 X3 \
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
3 F$ L% M7 Q" q) q4 F$ F2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?" 0 v/ D) Z. c. C6 s1 ?
「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
8 [3 P9 u4 E% q. g. I3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") 0 l' G7 _% a7 z5 ?4 T3 l
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
4 u( D# [6 G( i4 Ckeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, 6 P* r6 e9 J7 k) }' Z2 N) S" G
jocularly; ...
. d8 ~- c9 `& ~5 e"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
6 |2 N# j" C, \: t. T  zinterval of silence.
  _# k- c, `5 R- V% e( e(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) - g/ u9 G0 Y# E6 m" z
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 6 q  i& w3 t) Z  n" c2 T1 y
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。 + X0 A% r+ F; B# `4 x% B) y
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(十) 顺拆法
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7 d4 f" }* W! HHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 7 f4 \' W% T) V+ P$ H! `# x7 O
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, 4 ?# E9 w: [  a# X
social and demographic factors. ) {3 U- z# ~5 b4 Z
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
! B- {1 L4 k& d& ~( X' W! m改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。   y7 c7 h- }( W, Q& M: f
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(十一) 倒拆法 ( n4 J" u% w  z" n2 \
例子：
! A3 v3 p5 B* N, b1 [To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
* v/ }1 I% M% ffor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his , Y( Q" \) Q5 S
supposed conditon.
: v* E$ D9 `2 {( E要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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(十二) 抽词拆句法 : Z( n1 l2 V2 Z* n3 w- X; c
例子：   a9 l1 C6 u  s& ], J! T
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
! @% U! l! z2 C! i) seye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
$ C$ \4 ?! l' X7 l& \growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. ) K! Z# e7 i2 }( D$ X, \( e. `
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。