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作者：larryathena 来源：中国在线翻译网
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5 k4 q: F' S* I5 ^8 t F(一) 同义反译法 % Q5 X5 z+ A8 I' Y6 c
例子： / ^% `1 ^% x/ {
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. 8 E1 A. A% K. |8 d5 H
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) ( ]; u' b7 y& ^0 r. c5 F: `
2. I'll be here for good this time. + _# g* H5 a ?
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) $ ~0 c7 W8 P" T9 i3 L
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. + J, Q+ Q2 C9 E+ N! d
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
/ I* X s0 k; S, V4. "Wait, he is serious."
/ r( r: I. Q( Q3 o4 ]「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
- Q7 T4 P, M0 t0 C# z5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
2 A9 w% |# r7 c$ e( i「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」) * K" w6 @% i# H1 U, ^% y8 F4 y
7 I2 N4 x" S/ O+ }* F(二) 删减解释词 ! K5 R1 ~% A! ?' G' K8 G
例子： & r0 \2 j" A( n' M7 r$ G
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
( N# J( i ~9 h, @9 P* B8 lrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a # x3 z( \& o2 H' O, L- e
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. ! ~# }7 d+ Y. N6 X( I7 e
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
/ J Z+ _* c: D {, u' S1 a: _* b# g9 {8 l% H, Z! L0 b) _
(三) 短句拆译
6 f( @* S* `2 Y例子： : o. N/ M& X0 N+ m0 O; r
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
1 y7 p1 l+ U; ~# U7 s8 K, m" ?「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 8 C0 \4 C. p5 v# c: U* Z- w1 Z
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(四) 译词推陈出新 1 N+ {/ m9 q) t% `( y
例子： ' f, Q, F" Y- _+ U1 e# [
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
' f1 ^2 _. I5 bdoubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
% I1 Z c1 N$ ?/ D7 F9 F4 H, o' Elower. , A' t& G& V( p9 I8 U- `: w
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
# a: S& M/ j9 \) \改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 ) j# D4 z1 _6 `7 c- h N+ [
原词 原译 改译 4 A3 L$ j, K/ g: H6 R( \4 m
4 I/ u0 b, t; Wwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候 4 `: y! y+ `- d# W T: _
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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+ n, T( u+ }7 J$ Ra lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人 ) `) |8 |% i# S/ i
W1 f+ ?6 r+ m8 ~& P1 Yordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 ; M# }& E' c$ U8 {% b8 T( ~1 i4 F
2 U D" J2 m* G' d0 S7 oin addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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& |8 K# e6 j, S(五) 解释性添词
" q: Z! r+ O+ S; J0 [例子：
* ^( x; L7 R1 M8 U"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
1 X/ h5 B* e9 }done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 9 `) E6 w2 n' Q+ \% X
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
; ]0 p- s* R6 }7 |6 A Oand the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
6 A% A# Q+ `6 X& q' _; p1 H8 d「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 % w- ^ ~, @/ Z- ^# f2 a9 k
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(六) 词无定译
6 D- s6 ], V1 P* x: X例子： ) [; @ U+ V4 f: E3 ]
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
2 w) U3 V* X. h( A o2 lcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
6 ]5 u% v' ~ g1 Phe carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous : y, B. o$ ]$ s m6 X
conditions.
! c, k! z; l# Y5 p, z我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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0 A- j: ?8 a, G7 M/ S+ k(七) 精炼译词
6 {' |4 c8 P1 g0 U例子：
$ s. k( _: v- |4 XA new dignity crept into his walk.
) e+ y$ y. I" @/ b7 D原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 & a( c5 I! f5 o$ _8 p
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。
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(八) 删削"When"字
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9 R: M+ L3 ~+ J* G: e C( D9 r, M4 A& D1. When he saw me, he was startled. : f7 H8 p* w3 U$ o
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) ; X9 C! p: i6 C. C
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
% G& F( N, t: W) R m- Ahead, and knocking on them round?" 6 V) [1 x7 L' J. R6 w& s% G2 B% u
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 5 X u( ?1 G. |
; h9 R; J5 t7 \* `( M(九) 感叹词的不同译法
! F: A; }' o: |例子： 6 z. x( O c. t8 q
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
% X, N6 v5 L' d& J& w7 @$ Kthem!" $ g! {" G1 d% A8 ` a
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." 5 f; \ j; | y& k. i8 Z2 V; Y
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 : k4 H: j1 |' w1 }, g" N+ B7 }. m
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
% Q6 t, P4 d, P2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
/ p' a* C' f4 `- y- o# d4 n# K- Q「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
0 N- b& X K) V$ ?3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") g6 r* ~1 O' _* W, r; {+ O; r
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to 4 v) [/ W4 |1 |0 W$ y) b5 z7 u
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
" I+ W+ w. j% j. z% P" Z+ {! bjocularly; ... 7 B, c$ L) s1 ? x! X
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
2 v5 ^+ w! J \* L, d- Xinterval of silence. ) ], q# z: o) l+ O
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
# _2 k( g2 R0 Y( }「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... 5 p% M% J; J9 M: \, w
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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: c& u5 N$ i% ^+ c(十) 顺拆法 / G( t, b @% O9 y0 S
例子：
5 Z( u7 |; C/ _& g$ dHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue , h' x3 A$ W; a& K; O0 x r& |% F
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
' b/ V6 V3 K& }5 t T9 i) x' Qsocial and demographic factors. ; W" I3 X! s; y
原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
$ a# i: r9 D( V% s+ p4 ?% x9 Y改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 : ?& H& U; N% } O, o4 T
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(十一) 倒拆法
# F5 B2 _+ d' e2 R5 l8 p( @例子： ; m$ j4 y) ^% k! a1 o! o1 B7 M
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / , z0 n8 `/ \1 ~( G7 l2 e: p, B
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his " O n' X, [( V+ {/ U
supposed conditon. # I+ P4 s h5 t% n( g& T
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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, M9 S6 H; D: Y( o O0 _' B; [(十二) 抽词拆句法
0 {! F U6 h. i例子： + F0 N# g0 L9 Y2 k1 J
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the 0 J+ m+ M# t, M, s" \& [3 j
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
7 h3 [. D9 l3 M; L2 ^: D% G" ?$ Zgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. : f5 Y+ n& K4 w. Y
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。 |
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发表于 2008-7-16 14:27
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