[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
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/ g2 Q5 G. O8 K: V4 K(一) 同义反译法 2 \5 [- i  ~5 j4 _
例子：
# M- u2 \7 Z( Y8 L1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
/ Z! o: ], ]5 i8 o2 t& g3 [酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) % @, p5 ]9 y; o' P. J- c# J
2. I'll be here for good this time. % U1 z# w% x9 A. J* G
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
# Q5 e+ R8 I7 R, k3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. ' [- c/ H" @3 y# L3 v, U% ^7 f! e; [
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」) 9 \! I+ J: P* l" j4 Z: [6 N3 e
4. "Wait, he is serious." / J3 _  x% r, \" f' j& P- ]# Q9 Q
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)
, U$ u8 m3 t, U/ M+ D. ~5 K5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 9 A6 n" L5 [5 B7 N
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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; l' g$ x- p2 M( d& Z8 ^4 J9 t8 E(二) 删减解释词 ; j, G3 X2 T9 H8 x, B. [  \5 g
例子：
* P5 T$ z+ M* _$ |' M" L6 SThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
( ]: v8 _! I" h8 x: Rrefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
: P6 l; D: e" s7 q8 Rparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
& l7 {6 q- w6 l7 p; ]* q; A到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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(三) 短句拆译 & d& G) {2 }$ ^
例子： 7 u  h4 c/ C4 U3 r5 a
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 2 B! _5 n+ Y8 q% P
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」 0 c/ o4 M1 C# Z( ?
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(四) 译词推陈出新 - ^) ?# Q4 n3 r4 U  H8 ]3 v1 @. z& u
例子： ) f( p7 V5 a- u) z
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with 1 L, R4 y  M3 P  Y
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a 2 J" x( P- s4 S  C) e
lower.
* F7 M! D5 y( f7 J7 r原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 ' }& ^+ ]4 |. @0 O
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 9 y4 |- {" Y& y* N; e. g
原词 原译 改译 2 [$ O: T9 p& O6 H1 Z- h) s/ X

4 t& ], o$ |1 rwhen 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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7 H# u" \2 E6 da lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理 9 l9 Z3 P# E8 u8 J- m
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了
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1 R- m. d5 U# l" D, N4 u  K(五) 解释性添词 % ?4 [: u# u" E* A+ H+ o+ ?; q4 p& b8 u
例子： / R% j. R/ T* Z0 ]
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
& Z# D7 i5 _0 J5 x3 T; f' sdone it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I : j6 g( U& s/ k2 i/ |
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet ( v, b! h: f, r/ K# a" O
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet. % _0 i9 x& g) a6 {8 h: B2 i
「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 ; Q8 h- K, h& Y7 V' [2 u# z* N

* {$ _" V! E6 z! k9 u(六) 词无定译 " i  C/ r, e" ^& V  X% a
例子： 7 D$ B/ N5 i( M: `6 \8 m
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
( Z+ _8 X0 l0 |/ N3 Jcivilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
2 D0 N  ?* ?# I; ?he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
, K; O8 Q0 B, Z# ]9 h; lconditions.
0 \) l, V3 K; m- r  a- f我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。, K3 {9 X  o! A  |/ P
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(七) 精炼译词
: y& h( W1 x+ z# q6 E' p; ~; R例子：
. F, O0 M0 F5 }. p2 JA new dignity crept into his walk.
. {* v/ ]' L6 J/ L原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 / N0 _" `# T- I0 ^
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 ; M. v$ V7 U6 v3 @' J8 B7 ?1 O* ^2 X
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(八) 删削"When"字 " V6 z. z. i, ^! W' p$ _& F3 j+ h
例子：# F( T7 l5 x: Y7 s+ T2 j9 i! P
1. When he saw me, he was startled. , X# A9 V- x3 t
他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) ) f' C! M" H; ?6 x7 c. U: u1 M8 P. ~
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the ' z  r! _0 d, v$ J8 Q
head, and knocking on them round?" 9 c4 s7 D" C& p
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法 0 N0 E; z; j2 `$ j% \3 S8 Y
例子： 5 y/ |- W! m* t$ Q
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want 2 g1 l  m1 b9 _% g/ @9 v3 G
them!" 9 p% T2 i* q4 D7 z" T% Q
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." ; S: I( n7 t9 D
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 + q& ~- w2 x6 T5 P
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
' N0 b: e! [' f. e9 g2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
0 J7 O, ^- @3 }, a「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」 8 c! \- ~4 Y0 f, h8 y- d# i/ k
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") $ e) J7 S/ V  X* T
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to - ?' x/ k2 [! s- h+ @
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
# q. Z9 F: I8 r# J6 N) Cjocularly; ... ! c/ B2 i. u- g: W$ D) o) ~; X
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
  _" g5 |4 }2 G  t2 _- l. c: F2 K! Cinterval of silence. 3 T* W; \# |* o& G/ A! g
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
3 i1 _3 e2 [' W. J- G2 X# @7 N「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；......
5 W& p- Y# l$ Q  A「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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(十) 顺拆法
$ `& }- F: K7 h" v例子：
* i; Z6 z+ E  N! FHis delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
$ k! C1 @  x. M. sworking/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
* i4 g+ f% o& U2 ssocial and demographic factors.
( @! C& l- T; ?原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。
0 k3 S7 V7 Z7 {8 q) @/ [& S# `0 x6 @改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法
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4 r) B1 ?, \; L# v1 u$ P+ ATo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
1 ?, T% j' d, |4 x- W7 f( afor the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 0 o% T3 `$ b. X7 x+ g8 E: x
supposed conditon.
4 Y* n2 e/ e2 x要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。
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(十二) 抽词拆句法
. i0 V, g) @' z4 D例子： + J/ B) k5 p6 J6 v1 k
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the + h9 i. I' |8 J6 ~% k* M
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
9 X. \! p1 _4 _% e+ sgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 8 J) }" E, Q3 T' {0 h4 L* O% J
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。