[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
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% x+ |3 P3 ?) z(一) 同义反译法
/ I: @4 Z3 s) w" z) F+ v! ~7 b例子： . `7 U, H; V$ l  ~, _7 K
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. ( [0 @4 L. e* {9 W( T
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)
5 [. ?. G+ C7 D1 ^+ F# w# J( g2. I'll be here for good this time.
& ]: H  w" ^6 |# W这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)
, h3 x2 k9 y. X* Z: P9 ^2 x5 f3 L3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. 1 N4 p: W$ S' q, }  o, p! f' N
我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
. |/ _" L1 ^6 ^8 i6 a& |% X& u4. "Wait, he is serious." # @0 `4 |+ D/ K( L3 {( A
「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) # B6 M; l5 K. e4 n5 r& p) y2 m; v6 n
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
7 |( k* \' M/ m; B1 J「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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; A7 E& v+ e( Y4 n) b3 j0 f(二) 删减解释词 9 G  ^4 m8 g; V! Z9 g! U- n' p& O
例子：
6 @1 ?6 E, m: SThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of 9 B; T4 J% ]  Y: w9 f# H. i
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
2 X0 W7 V6 m9 @5 l. aparticular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
( j; b* |1 R% J8 u7 W3 W3 `4 A: i到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。
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& C+ J) P9 n8 h4 ?/ c8 Q(三) 短句拆译 % J3 ^0 O! h" S1 w. Y1 m
例子： 0 T2 i( m' \$ b/ ?$ j( x6 }
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
- \) A6 @7 w  O; l7 X「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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$ w6 k- ?3 P0 C# l(四) 译词推陈出新 & R4 Y" c) |- t, ~/ }! M- S: q* a
例子： $ O9 Y6 x2 I6 y1 I
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with - y, w6 v4 V7 \7 t
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a & g/ N6 {" e) z0 b% M$ _
lower.
* ?  A( B) h! y' N! T% i! g原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。 # U. p0 N# @4 d* G8 `2 a
改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。
; X" M' i/ o# A4 {; s原词 原译 改译   Q7 p+ T$ p3 [$ E/ O" a1 p
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求 . J# d# N0 e. E9 z3 I9 l

; \; A. B" e* Sa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了& B& b: I) _6 K# c1 i
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(五) 解释性添词
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( D' h9 p2 \$ t6 @! {"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have 1 ~5 H$ V6 J5 H( [' c+ X
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I 9 L% Z7 d+ P  y8 C
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet 1 I/ L" o6 d% ^1 U
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
/ G4 J9 s0 i3 _+ `6 H「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。 0 Y$ a# i. @" m; o) d0 q; \

& H5 l) {/ X5 ^# I, U- D2 ~% m(六) 词无定译
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It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or & O; p- {3 A  `& j. Q1 i
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
$ Z8 ~5 ~# o; ^$ U1 ^; h9 i) n+ O5 Y( \2 Hhe carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous : L0 d6 N$ \5 P3 |
conditions. ' c5 Z* s9 I, H9 d- N3 S; R- o
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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( F4 i8 {  b9 |6 s6 b9 X* y(七) 精炼译词 8 L% y4 x! s' X, w
例子： % W" a2 }0 w6 E$ z! _2 p( }
A new dignity crept into his walk. * \' I6 A9 O# I  ~
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。 ) [' b) r5 y# j& i4 r, N1 h
改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 . ?' {/ ^% r3 {( Y/ }% v8 q- L" Y
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(八) 删削"When"字
* T- {* U  S. a2 F: s1 ]4 o' p例子：
6 K7 T7 W$ C7 c+ Q1. When he saw me, he was startled.
) `. @+ V. t! d" W  E" r6 T他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) ! x* K& }! X- Y' A9 T
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
  {$ C/ X" N2 Z( {- k+ R; Shead, and knocking on them round?" 0 _  k7 {, L( B! a
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......) 5 n- c7 s6 _& Q( h" e$ W
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法
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1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
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$ M( h& ^# [3 p"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
" ~, c; }" @' p% s; t1 M「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」
, H3 e* n7 g+ D9 a3 y( y) ~# j「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」 % h) Q2 y5 f1 |( ]$ |$ J4 m% U
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
3 t. f) O, U: a5 M/ A; c! T「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
9 l- m3 b( {% a8 d3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
8 X# h( X( S: |6 C; q"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
* [) i) Y1 ?$ h; g) {keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
* N' C, H! L! f* U  V2 B0 X/ D& _jocularly; ...
' r- m1 D% u, w. h"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
- x4 v1 b! j; Y/ l0 Binterval of silence.
+ ]( ^8 X6 `# m  D(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」) ( k7 U9 A; [- Y. {* Q
「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... & |8 N. Q( U! D+ J3 @) D4 a
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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4 i/ O0 M* H1 M% U) S  j(十) 顺拆法 1 w1 f+ Z2 r+ ^3 e6 B+ K$ W' v1 ~0 A
例子：
& Z0 S9 ]; o  B6 c: y/ n; ~His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 6 M- t( j1 a$ d0 |3 R* a
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, * `" f* w( J# I
social and demographic factors.
  M4 y, u  m. H& U' z原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 / M, u; k) ^. L. G! N! |
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。
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(十一) 倒拆法 / z  R  t; X, h6 f7 b! N: ]  [' \
例子：
+ d8 o! ?4 d- j4 s% d  V8 u+ ^% `% TTo him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / 2 H" D. A/ m2 I6 Z
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
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8 v* n3 ]6 m- G3 Q) V; I8 O要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 4 |- S- F: n' {& M$ N% F

8 \. E" _1 ^4 t, y, m5 T(十二) 抽词拆句法 + c+ n7 e+ N1 t1 p* B
例子：
! c* k- F2 ~$ o( E) O- F' g9 _All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the , a' d0 Y- U7 u- j# b4 P
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
  o0 B" J" E$ dgrowing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
3 w$ W- A% C' O& O, G- L( |从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。