[转载] 十二式翻译绝招 绝招, 转帖, 翻译

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作者：larryathena   来源：中国在线翻译网
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; P% a9 V1 Y# o5 M/ N/ S( v/ q% j(一) 同义反译法 ( z1 J! N4 u: ]* |& B, b& e0 L
例子：
% W7 K9 @$ |4 L: ^) r1 J1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
9 d$ e1 r  E2 K; u酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」) $ Y* F& Q1 u% E4 ^* s* a4 |: d
2. I'll be here for good this time. 4 T( r1 ^" r3 v9 Q, V$ F' K
这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」) ! o1 z4 ^' k/ p0 v" f5 N
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
+ q0 S- j# f& @我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)
( U9 H; b: O' S& o4 W2 D4. "Wait, he is serious."
9 t. h6 W' n9 \& X「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」) # f. c5 w) Z/ f, g: B/ f
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!" 9 b3 A+ V, l+ C7 a
「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「......对这孩子要坚定」)
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(二) 删减解释词 4 H+ L2 W9 Z! c. w3 D4 W  ?* ~5 F
例子：
, @( B' l$ C" F8 HThe traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
4 |/ i. X. K1 brefinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a ' C; i+ y8 x" H, I# C9 g: X
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. # t% A2 D8 ]% i5 y! c6 E& N% y) \
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。, k, O7 ]$ K; R# a% M" W6 N) [9 y* @
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(三) 短句拆译 " ?# T9 i& o  {/ q1 h5 b- j
例子： 5 P: v, b) f! G. H3 ]' |
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..." 3 F4 Y9 m3 f6 `0 w9 D9 g/ S) K8 W, I/ G
「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，......」
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(四) 译词推陈出新 & w$ U- [. Y2 ]5 T2 G# o
例子： , Q& h$ ~, g4 g3 _1 `  y! B9 F
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with " m& M2 r3 y! V! `% V+ l% u
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
3 o5 l- O% F5 X9 zlower. 3 ]" }+ K+ G/ C
原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
  ?' I) Y- i- k  _6 n改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。 + ^1 n7 ~' u0 Y  H8 B1 s9 y2 a
原词 原译 改译 : a3 V) L5 S& J" D' a, A, c0 y( G
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when 当......的时候 等到......的时候 5 j+ [' X! b: V4 ~
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act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求
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, W1 `/ C' v/ D* b7 w- ~) b, Fa lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人
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, \2 S8 J3 d9 K9 S! q7 Pordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理
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/ m0 R" u9 ]& min addition to 除了......之外 那就更是难免的了! ?/ }, Z, n9 p; m" g- }8 d

' R7 w& p+ v5 R' V7 C0 b- m3 h3 X(五) 解释性添词   s4 w! W9 N, h+ q/ ?. c5 C
例子： ; I+ }6 w. O* _* \- p" B' H; a
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
( @# ^/ B" P5 S- z7 m1 _: w6 ^done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
3 W7 j8 h/ o' ]7 b! S+ s- @% vnever thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet 8 A7 m0 x( ~: c
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
7 t. s% s- K$ G「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。
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(六) 词无定译 1 h, j4 K9 q8 H  M* W
例子：
  Q/ d$ V/ P. l; m9 L! f3 kIt is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or + ^* ^: Y& P0 r; v/ K5 E5 S
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, . x! i9 z/ L+ S4 E0 s
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous ; T/ x6 _: K5 `. I
conditions. ' S. C$ y6 E: h5 _& m/ ^6 `% w
我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。
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(七) 精炼译词
5 x( e. W- B  c5 S+ T例子： ' T! d5 R5 K* O
A new dignity crept into his walk. 3 j: [; r  }' H- A" E
原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。
- |2 L  s6 o3 P* O# E* ?$ U, o改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。 1 {! k: m  o  N

& J# m9 N+ `' C  ^% u(八) 删削"When"字 ) E6 R: X7 ~. I  }5 n7 T6 h" m( {1 }
例子：$ F9 i# g4 L3 u$ v8 ?6 j
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
; d- ?7 {" O, e: k他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，......) 4 p5 R; z: y7 f9 p
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the % w+ m7 k. Y8 y* H$ Z
head, and knocking on them round?"
8 t7 ~' C" g$ D「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子......)
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(九) 感叹词的不同译法
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1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want " p- c% C" y7 D4 U
them!" 4 n) k2 p) J+ n( k
"Why, Eva, your room is full now." : x. y+ n: }/ t. i) x, s
「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」 0 q7 ]/ \' F" w) z/ u  ?6 G% c
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」
" J1 S2 G! I* d2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
. d. ^6 Q9 o$ F* z「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」
; o+ J- T  q+ q" B3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.") - V: S, w, J7 r
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
7 G8 H( a/ y0 q- r1 Gkeep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
4 }& V/ m& F9 s/ y; w. Jjocularly; ... ! V7 e; z/ [) x1 X2 f$ Z2 `
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
% \+ g! E) s6 qinterval of silence.
' i3 O% D  H( q- J(「......哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)
/ c+ x1 u' ~) n' v$ ]「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；...... / X2 l# E; l& N* Y
「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。
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% R. [( P1 t% Z; U7 K(十) 顺拆法 8 W6 P; O& c! b( Z8 h
例子：
* R& ]7 C% Z- ?; ^His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue 0 g; q# \/ D( [" H
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, ) D2 @7 f8 C. g# f* S+ C- W
social and demographic factors.
3 X+ p; P$ A5 M原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。 % _- R0 ~5 N/ n7 Z5 U; Y& T3 E
改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。 / ~( X* w; ~5 M# L% F7 z) s

+ T- s+ }/ a& _( @(十一) 倒拆法 9 A- }8 L( O) d2 W- t
例子：
/ p' N% Z* f, z: E0 V, \To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / & T7 H1 W/ U4 m, ^  R; s- u! T! C
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his 7 m, m3 x. v4 i9 U5 R
supposed conditon. 9 V- t" i7 a( Q6 s5 O  |
要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。 / h1 s9 X. a) e6 c
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(十二) 抽词拆句法
4 W3 T8 [% ?  \3 Q' q例子： 1 k4 h. P7 _. c( v4 _* l
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the 4 E3 V; _+ K4 \. S3 Z7 K  p8 T/ d$ J
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of $ _* y9 z" m, ]+ @) q" W5 ~! X2 t
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. + ^) h6 s/ d7 L  D5 u2 _8 K
从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。